Official FBI Crime Index, 1973 to 2000
| Year | Per 100,000 Population | |||||
| Total Crime | Violent Crime | Property Crime | ||||
| 1973 | 4,154 | 417 | 3,737 | |||
| 1974 | 4,850 | 461 | 4,369 | |||
| 1975 | 5,282 | 482 | 4,800 | |||
| 1976 | 5,266 | 460 | 4,807 | |||
| 1977 | 5,055 | 467 | 4,588 | |||
| 1978 | 5,109 | 487 | 4,622 | |||
| 1979 | 5,566 | 549 | 5,017 | |||
| 1980 | 5,950 | 597 | 5,353 | |||
| 1981 | 5,858 | 594 | 5,264 | |||
| 1982 | 5,604 | 571 | 5,033 | |||
| 1983 | 5,175 | 538 | 4,637 | |||
| 1984 | 5,031 | 539 | 4,492 | |||
| 1985 | 5,207 | 557 | 4,651 | |||
| 1986 | 5,480 | 618 | 4,863 | |||
| 1987 | 5,555 | 610 | 4,940 | |||
| 1988 | 5,664 | 637 | 5,027 | |||
| 1989 | 5,741 | 663 | 5,078 | |||
| 1990 | 5,820 | 732 | 5,089 | |||
| 1991 | 5,898 | 758 | 5,140 | |||
| 1992 | 5,660 | 758 | 4,903 | |||
| 1993 | 5,484 | 747 | 4,738 | |||
| 1994 | 5,374 | 714 | 4,660 | |||
| 1995 | 5,278 | 685 | 4,593 | |||
| 1996 | 5,087 | 637 | 4,450 | |||
| 1997 | 4,930 | 611 | 4,319 | |||
| 1998 | 4,619 | 568 | 4,052 | |||
| 1999 | 4,267 | 525 | 3,472 | |||
| 2000 | 4,124 | 506 | 3,618 | |||
| Source: U.S. Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Reports, multiple years. | ||||||
National Criminal Victimization Survey
| Victimizations reported to the Justice Department's survey by individuals in 49,000 households expressed as a ratio per 100,000 population. | ||||||
| Year | Victimizations per 100,000 population | |||||
| Total | Violent | Property | ||||
| 1973 | 18,924.9 | 2,181.4 | 16,743.5 | |||
| 1974 | 20,289.8 | 2,272.8 | 18,017.0 | |||
| 1975 | 20,345.0 | 2,115.6 | 18,229.4 | |||
| 1976 | 20,286.5 | 2,099.8 | 18,186.7 | |||
| 1977 | 20,417.2 | 2,101.8 | 18,315.4 | |||
| 1978 | 20,248.8 | 2,055.0 | 18,193.8 | |||
| 1979 | 20,420.9 | 2,148.7 | 18,272.2 | |||
| 1980 | 19,693.5 | 2,056.2 | 17,637.3 | |||
| 1981 | 20,044.6 | 2,198.8 | 17,845.8 | |||
| 1982 | 18,966.8 | 2,081.1 | 16,885.7 | |||
| 1983 | 17,189.1 | 1,812.3 | 15,376.8 | |||
| 1984 | 16,375.5 | 1,916.9 | 14,458.6 | |||
| 1985 | 15,786.4 | 1,727.9 | 14,058.5 | |||
| 1986 | 15,401.5 | 1,671.6 | 13,729.9 | |||
| 1987 | 15,750.3 | 1,730.3 | 14,020.0 | |||
| 1988 | 15,888.2 | 1,785.4 | 14,102.8 | |||
| 1989 | 15,794.6 | 1,752.7 | 14,041.9 | |||
| 1990 | 14,775.1 | 1,720.4 | 13,054.7 | |||
| 1991 | 15,042.6 | 1,814.8 | 13,227.8 | |||
| 1992 | 14,105.1 | 1,903.3 | 12,201.8 | |||
| 1993 | 13,898.3 | 1,969.5 | 11,928.8 | |||
| 1994 | 13,540.1 | 1,969.0 | 11,571.1 | |||
| 1995 | 12,560.5 | 1,618.2 | 10,942.3 | |||
| 1996 | 11,504.1 | 1,497.4 | 10,006.7 | |||
| 1997 | 10,753.6 | 1,386.8 | 9,366.8 | |||
| 1998 | 9,494.0 | 1,246.2 | 8,247.8 | |||
| 1999 | 8,668.0 | 1,125.7 | 7,542.3 | |||
| 2000 | 7,710.6 | 955.5 | 6,755.1 | |||
| Source: U.S. Department of Justice, National Criminal Victimization Survey, multiple years. | ||||||
Total Estimated Arrests for Indexed and Other Offenses in 1995 and 2000
| Indexed crimes are made part of the official "crime index" or "crime rate." Details may not add to totals because of rounding. | ||||||
| 1995 | 2000 | Change 95 to 00 | ||||
| TOTAL ARRESTS | 15,119,800 | 13,980,297 | -1,139,503 | |||
| Indexed Crime Arrests | ||||||
| Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter | 21,230 | 13,277 | -7,953 | |||
| Forcible rape | 34,650 | 27,469 | -7,181 | |||
| Robbery | 171,870 | 106,960 | -64,910 | |||
Total Estimated Arrests for Indexed and Other Offenses in 1995 and 2000 [Continued]
| 1995 | 2000 | Change 95 to 00 | ||||
| Aggravated assault | 568,480 | 478,417 | -90,063 | |||
| Burglary | 386,500 | 289,844 | -96,656 | |||
| Larceny-theft | 1,530,200 | 1,166,362 | -363,838 | |||
| Motor vehicle theft | 191,900 | 148,225 | -43,675 | |||
| Arson | 20,000 | 16,530 | -3,470 | |||
| Violent crime | 796,250 | 625,132 | -171,118 | |||
| Property crime | 2,128,600 | 1,620,928 | -507,672 | |||
| Crime Index total | 2,924,800 | 2,246,054 | -678,746 | |||
| Non-Indexed Crime Arrests Other assaults (simple) | ||||||
| Other assaults (simple) | 1,290,400 | 1,312,169 | 21,769 | |||
| Forgery and counterfeiting | 122,300 | 108,654 | -13,646 | |||
| Fraud | 436,400 | 345,732 | -90,668 | |||
| Embezzlement | 15,200 | 18,952 | 3,752 | |||
| Stolen property; buying, receiving, possessing | 166,500 | 118,641 | -47,859 | |||
| Vandalism | 311,100 | 281,305 | -29,795 | |||
| Weapons; carrying, possessing, etc. | 243,900 | 159,181 | -84,719 | |||
| Prostitution and commercialized vice | 97,700 | 87,620 | -10,080 | |||
| Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prostitution) | 94,500 | 93,399 | -1,101 | |||
| Drug abuse violations | 1,476,100 | 1,579,566 | 103,466 | |||
| Gambling | 19,500 | 10,842 | -8,658 | |||
| Offenses against family and children | 142,900 | 147,663 | 4,763 | |||
| Driving under the influence | 1,436,000 | 1,471,289 | 35,289 | |||
| Liquor laws | 594,900 | 683,124 | 88,224 | |||
| Drunkenness | 708,100 | 637,554 | -70,546 | |||
| Disorderly conduct | 748,600 | 638,740 | -109,860 | |||
| Vagrancy | 25,900 | 32,542 | 6,642 | |||
| All other offenses (except traffic) | 3,865,400 | 3,710,434 | -154,966 | |||
| Curfew and loitering law violations | 149,800 | 154,711 | 4,911 | |||
| Runaways | 249,500 | 141,975 | -107,525 | |||
| NonIndex % of total | 80.7 | 83.9 | 3.3 | |||
| Source: U.S. Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Reports, 1995 and 2000, accessible at http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/00cius.htm. | ||||||
Estimated Non-Indexed Offense Arrests Summarized by Major Category for 2000
| Non-specified, non-traffic offenses are specific violations of state and local laws and ordinances not included in the above. | ||
| Category | Non-Indexed Offense Arrests (Number) | |
| Violent crime arrests | 625,132 | |
| Property crime rate arrests | 1,620,928 | |
| Simple assault, weapons offenses | 1,471,350 | |
| Money-related and gambling | 884,126 | |
| Sex-offenses, prostitution (non-rape) | 181,019 | |
| Drug related | 1,579,566 | |
| Alcohol-related and DWI | 2,791,967 | |
| Conduct, vagrancy, etc. | 967,968 | |
| Spousal, child, elder abuse | 147,663 | |
| Non specified, non-traffic | 3,710,434 | |
| Source: U.S. Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Reports, 1995 and 2000, accessible at http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/00cius.htm. | ||
Total Estimated Drug Violation Arrests in the United States, 1980 to 2000
| Year | Total Estimated Drug Arrests | Arrests for Sale/Manufacturing | Arrests for Possession | Possession as % of Total |
| 1980 | 580,900 | |||
| 1981 | 559,900 | |||
| 1982 | 676,000 | 135,200 | 540,800 | 80.0 |
| 1983 | 661,400 | 145,500 | 515,900 | 78.0 |
| 1984 | 708,400 | 155,800 | 552,600 | 78.0 |
| 1985 | 811,400 | 194,700 | 616,700 | 76.0 |
| 1986 | 824,100 | 206,000 | 618,100 | 75.0 |
| 1987 | 937,400 | 243,700 | 693,700 | 74.0 |
| 1988 | 1,155,200 | 311,900 | 843,300 | 73.0 |
| 1989 | 1,361,700 | 435,700 | 926,000 | 68.0 |
| 1990 | 1,089,500 | 348,600 | 740,900 | 68.0 |
| 1991 | 1,010,000 | 333,300 | 676,700 | 67.0 |
| 1992 | 1,066,400 | 341,200 | 725,200 | 68.0 |
| 1993 | 1,126,300 | 337,900 | 788,400 | 70.0 |
| 1994 | 1,351,400 | 364,900 | 986,500 | 73.0 |
| 1995 | 1,476,100 | 369,000 | 1,107,100 | 75.0 |
| 1996 | 1,506,200 | 376,500 | 1,129,700 | 75.0 |
| 1997 | 1,583,600 | 324,600 | 1,259,000 | 79.5 |
| 1998 | 1,559,100 | 330,500 | 1,228,600 | 78.8 |
| [Continued] | ||||
Total Estimated Drug Violation Arrests in the United States, 1980 to 2000 [Continued]
| Year | Total Estimated Drug Arrests | Arrests for Sale/Manufacturing | Arrests for Possession | Possession as % of Total |
| 1999 | 1,532,200 | 300,300 | 1,231,900 | 80.4 |
| 2000 | 1,579,600 | 301,700 | 1,277,900 | 81.0 |
| Source: U.S. Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Crime in the United States, annual, Uniform Crime Reports. | ||||
Number of Persons in Custody of State Correctional Authorities and Federal Drug Offenders, 1980 to 2000
| Year | State Prisoners incarcerated for: | Federal Drug Prisoners | Per 100,000 Population | |||||||||||||||||||
| Violent Crime | Property Crime | Drug Offenses | Public Order Violations | Total | Violent Crime | Property Crime | Drug Offenses | Public Order Violations | Federal Drug Prisoners | |||||||||||||
| 1980 | 173,300 | 89,300 | 19,000 | 12,400 | 294,000 | 4,749 | 76.3 | 39.3 | 8.4 | 5.5 | 2.1 | |||||||||||
| 1981 | 193,300 | 100,500 | 21,700 | 14,600 | 330,100 | 5,076 | 84.2 | 43.8 | 9.5 | 6.4 | 2.2 | |||||||||||
| 1982 | 215,300 | 114,400 | 25,300 | 17,800 | 372,800 | 5,518 | 92.9 | 49.4 | 10.9 | 7.7 | 2.4 | |||||||||||
| 1983 | 214,600 | 127,100 | 26,600 | 24,400 | 392,700 | 7,201 | 91.8 | 54.4 | 11.4 | 10.4 | 3.1 | |||||||||||
| 1984 | 227,300 | 133,100 | 31,700 | 21,900 | 414,000 | 8,152 | 96.4 | 56.4 | 13.4 | 9.3 | 3.5 | |||||||||||
| 1985 | 246,200 | 140,100 | 38,900 | 23,000 | 448,200 | 9,491 | 103.5 | 58.9 | 16.3 | 9.7 | 4.0 | |||||||||||
| 1986 | 258,600 | 150,200 | 45,400 | 28,800 | 483,000 | 11,344 | 107.7 | 62.5 | 18.9 | 12.0 | 4.7 | |||||||||||
| 1987 | 271,300 | 155,500 | 57,900 | 31,300 | 516,000 | 13,897 | 112.0 | 64.2 | 23.9 | 12.9 | 5.7 | |||||||||||
| 1988 | 282,700 | 161,600 | 79,100 | 35,000 | 558,400 | 15,087 | 115.6 | 66.1 | 32.4 | 14.3 | 6.2 | |||||||||||
| 1989 | 293,900 | 172,700 | 120,100 | 39,500 | 626,200 | 18,852 | 119.1 | 70.0 | 48.7 | 16.0 | 7.6 | |||||||||||
| 1990 | 313,600 | 173,700 | 148,600 | 45,500 | 681,400 | 24,297 | 125.7 | 69.6 | 59.6 | 18.2 | 9.7 | |||||||||||
| 1991 | 339,500 | 180,700 | 155,200 | 49,500 | 724,900 | 29,667 | 134.6 | 71.7 | 61.5 | 19.6 | 11.8 | |||||||||||
| 1992 | 369,100 | 181,600 | 168,100 | 56,300 | 775,100 | 35,398 | 144.7 | 71.2 | 65.9 | 22.1 | 13.9 | |||||||||||
| 1993 | 393,500 | 189,600 | 177,000 | 64,000 | 824,100 | 41,393 | 152.6 | 73.6 | 68.7 | 24.8 | 16.1 | |||||||||||
| 1994 | 425,700 | 207,000 | 193,500 | 74,400 | 900,600 | 45,347 | 163.5 | 79.5 | 74.3 | 28.6 | 17.4 | |||||||||||
| 1995 | 459,600 | 226,600 | 212,800 | 86,500 | 985,500 | 46,669 | 174.9 | 86.2 | 81.0 | 32.9 | 17.8 | |||||||||||
| 1996 | 484,800 | 231,700 | 216,900 | 96,000 | 1,029,400 | 49,096 | 182.8 | 87.4 | 81.8 | 36.2 | 18.5 | |||||||||||
| 1997 | 507,800 | 236,400 | 222,100 | 106,200 | 1,072,500 | 52,059 | 189.6 | 88.3 | 82.9 | 39.7 | 19.4 | |||||||||||
| 1998 | 545,200 | 242,900 | 236,800 | 113,900 | 1,138,800 | 55,984 | 201.7 | 89.9 | 87.6 | 42.1 | 20.7 | |||||||||||
| 1999 | 570,000 | 245,000 | 251,200 | 120,600 | 1,186,800 | 60,399 | 209.0 | 89.8 | 92.1 | 44.2 | 22.1 | |||||||||||
| 2000 | 589,100 | 238,500 | 251,100 | 124,600 | 1,203,300 | 63,898 | 213.4 | 86.4 | 91.0 | 45.1 | 23.1 | |||||||||||
| Source: U.S. Department of Justice, Correctional Populations in the United States, 1997, and Prisoners in 2001. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Correctional Population Trends
| Year | Per 100,000 Population | |||
| Federal and State Prison Population | Combined Prison and Jail Population | |||
| 1957 | 1957 | 114.0 | ||
| 1958 | 118.0 | |||
| 1959 | 117.2 | |||
| 1960 | 118.6 | |||
| 1961 | 119.8 | |||
| 1962 | 117.3 | |||
| 1963 | 114.8 | |||
| 1964 | 111.7 | |||
| 1965 | 109.5 | |||
| 1966 | 101.6 | |||
| 1967 | 98.1 | |||
| 1968 | 93.6 | |||
| 1969 | 96.7 | |||
| 1970 | 96.7 | |||
| 1971 | 100.0 | |||
| 1972 | 103.3 | |||
| 1973 | 106.7 | |||
| 1974 | 110.0 | |||
| 1975 | 113.3 | |||
| 1976 | 122.9 | |||
| 1977 | 132.4 | |||
| 1978 | 135.4 | |||
| 1979 | 137.3 | |||
| 1980 | 139.2 | 222.5 | ||
| 1981 | 154.9 | 243.7 | ||
| 1982 | 170.6 | 265.6 | ||
| 1983 | 178.5 | 278.2 | ||
| 1984 | 188.0 | 290.8 | ||
| 1985 | 200.6 | 314.2 | ||
| 1986 | 216.0 | 335.1 | ||
| 1987 | 229.0 | 356.0 | ||
| 1988 | 244.0 | 390.7 | ||
| 1989 | 271.0 | 438.9 | ||
| 1990 | 294.5 | 460.5 | ||
| 1991 | 309.6 | 483.4 | ||
| 1992 | 331.8 | 507.8 | ||
| 1993 | 359.4 | 531.1 | ||
| 1994 | 388.6 | 567.2 | ||
| 1995 | 411.1 | 603.3 | ||
| 1996 | 427.0 | 620.6 | ||
| 1997 | 445.0 | 651.1 | ||
| [Continued] | ||||
Correctional Population Trends [Continued]
| Year | Per 100,000 Population | |||
| Federal and State Prison Population | Combined Prison and Jail Population | |||
| 1998 | 461.0 | 672.3 | ||
| 1999 | 476.0 | 694.2 | ||
| 2000 | 476.8 | 701.8 | ||
| Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Historical Statistics of the United States, September 1995 and Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1980, 1990, 1995, 2001. The primary data source cited by these sources are data from the FBI s Uniform Crime Reports (for crime rate) and the U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistic s Prisoners in State and Federal Institutions and Correctional Populations in the United States. | ||||
Percent of Individuals Reporting Victimization to Police-2000
| Victimization Category | % Reported to Police | |
| Rape/sexual assault | 48.1 | |
| Robbery | 56.3 | |
| Aggravated assault | 56.7 | |
| Simple assault | 43.6 | |
| Personal theft | 35.0 | |
| Burglary | 50.7 | |
| Motor vehicle theft | 80.4 | |
| Theft | 29.5 | |
| Source: U.S. Department of Justice, National Criminal Victimization Survey, 2000, accessible at http://www/ojp/usdoj.gov/bjs/welcome.html. | ||
Persons Under Correctional Supervision by Sex, 1986 to 2001
| Correctional supervision includes probation, parole, jail, and prison supervision. | ||||||||
| Year | Persons Under Correctional Supervision | % Female | ||||||
| Male | Female | Total | ||||||
| 1986 | 2,829,100 | 410,300 | 3,239,400 | 12.7 | ||||
| 1987 | 3,021,000 | 438,600 | 3,459,600 | 12.7 | ||||
| 1988 | 3,223,000 | 491,100 | 3,714,100 | 13.2 | ||||
| 1989 | 3,501,600 | 554,000 | 4,055,600 | 13.7 | ||||
| 1990 | 3,746,300 | 601,700 | 4,348,000 | 13.8 | ||||
| 1991 | 3,913,000 | 622,600 | 4,535,600 | 13.7 | ||||
| [Continued] | ||||||||
Persons Under Correctional Supervision by Sex, 1986 to 2001 [Continued]
| Correctional supervision includes probation, parole, jail, and prison supervision. | ||||||||
| Year | Persons Under Correctional Supervision | % Female | ||||||
| Male | Female | Total | ||||||
| 1992 | 4,050,300 | 712,300 | 4,762,600 | 15.0 | ||||
| 1993 | 4,215,800 | 728,200 | 4,944,000 | 14.7 | ||||
| 1994 | 4,377,400 | 763,900 | 5,141,300 | 14.9 | ||||
| 1995 | 4,513,000 | 822,100 | 5,335,100 | 15.4 | ||||
| 1996 | 4,630,100 | 852,800 | 5,482,900 | 15.6 | ||||
| 1997 | 4,797,200 | 895,300 | 5,692,500 | 15.7 | ||||
| 1998 | 5,215,598 | 968,159 | 6,183,757 | 15.7 | ||||
| 1999 | 5,288,236 | 1,099,258 | 6,387,494 | 17.2 | ||||
| 2000 | 5,369,711 | 1,117,878 | 6,487,589 | 17.2 | ||||
| 2001 | 5,484,370 | 1,141,748 | 6,626,118 | 17.2 | ||||
| Source: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics CorrectionalSurveys, FileCPGEND.WK1, http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/welcome.html. | ||||||||
Correctional Populations in the United States
| Year | Number of Persons Supervised | |||||||||
| Probation | Jail | Prison | Parole | Total | ||||||
| 1980 | 1,118,097 | 183,988 | 319,598 | 220,438 | 1,842,121 | |||||
| 1981 | 1,225,934 | 196,785 | 360,029 | 225,539 | 2,008,287 | |||||
| 1982 | 1,357,264 | 209,582 | 402,914 | 224,604 | 2,194,364 | |||||
| 1983 | 1,582,947 | 223,551 | 423,898 | 246,440 | 2,476,836 | |||||
| 1984 | 1,740,948 | 234,500 | 448,264 | 266,992 | 2,690,704 | |||||
| 1985 | 1,968,712 | 256,615 | 487,593 | 300,203 | 3,013,123 | |||||
| 1986 | 2,114,621 | 274,444 | 526,436 | 325,638 | 3,241,139 | |||||
| 1987 | 2,247,158 | 295,873 | 562,814 | 355,505 | 3,461,350 | |||||
| 1988 | 2,356,483 | 343,569 | 607,766 | 407,977 | 3,715,795 | |||||
| 1989 | 2,522,125 | 395,553 | 683,367 | 456,803 | 4,057,848 | |||||
| 1990 | 2,670,234 | 403,019 | 743,382 | 531,407 | 4,348,042 | |||||
| 1991 | 2,728,472 | 424,129 | 792,535 | 590,442 | 4,535,578 | |||||
| 1992 | 2,811,611 | 441,781 | 850,566 | 658,601 | 4,762,559 | |||||
| 1993 | 2,903,061 | 455,500 | 909,381 | 676,100 | 4,944,042 | |||||
| 1994 | 2,981,022 | 479,800 | 990,147 | 690,371 | 5,141,340 | |||||
| 1995 | 3,077,861 | 499,300 | 1,078,542 | 679,421 | 5,335,124 | |||||
| 1996 | 3,164,996 | 510,400 | 1,127,764 | 679,733 | 5,482,893 | |||||
| 1997 | 3,266,837 | 557,974 | 1,176,922 | 690,752 | 5,692,485 | |||||
| 1998 | 3,670,441 | 592,462 | 1,224,469 | 696,385 | 6,183,757 | |||||
| 1999 | 3,779,922 | 605,943 | 1,287,172 | 714,457 | 6,387,494 | |||||
| 2000 | 3,826,209 | 621,149 | 1,316,333 | 723,898 | 6,487,589 | |||||
| 2001 | 3,932,751 | 631,240 | 1,330,980 | 731,147 | 6,626,118 | |||||
| Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics Correctional Surveys (The Annual Probation Survey, National Prisoner Statistics, Survey of Jails, and The Annual Parole Survey.) Totals for 1998 through 2001 exclude probationers in jail or prison. | ||||||||||
Persons Under Correctional Supervision by Race, 1985 to 2000
| Correctional supervision includes probation, parole, jail, and prison supervision. Totals do not agree with previous table due to rounding and a different method of developing the subtotals. | ||||||||||||||||
| Year | Number of People Supervised | Per 100,000 Population 18 + Over | ||||||||||||||
| White | Black | Other | Total | White | Black | Other | Total | |||||||||
| 1985 | 1,867,300 | 998,800 | 38,900 | 2,905,000 | 1,243 | 5,275 | 772 | 1,668 | ||||||||
| 1986 | 2,090,100 | 1,117,200 | 32,100 | 3,239,400 | 1,379 | 5,809 | 600 | 1,840 | ||||||||
| 1987 | 2,192,200 | 1,231,100 | 36,300 | 3,459,600 | 1,434 | 6,300 | 639 | 1,943 | ||||||||
| 1988 | 2,348,075 | 1,325,300 | 39,800 | 3,713,175 | 1,522 | 6,676 | 662 | 2,061 | ||||||||
| 1989 | 2,520,100 | 1,488,500 | 45,400 | 4,054,000 | 1,619 | 7,376 | 712 | 2,224 | ||||||||
| 1990 | 2,665,500 | 1,632,700 | 49,800 | 4,348,000 | 1,685 | 7,834 | 736 | 2,340 | ||||||||
| 1991 | 2,742,400 | 1,743,400 | 49,900 | 4,535,700 | 1,721 | 8,227 | 707 | 2,418 | ||||||||
| 1992 | 2,835,900 | 1,873,200 | 53,500 | 4,762,600 | 1,766 | 8,693 | 725 | 2,514 | ||||||||
| 1993 | 2,872,200 | 2,011,600 | 60,200 | 4,944,000 | 1,776 | 9,195 | 784 | 2,585 | ||||||||
| 1994 | 3,058,000 | 2,018,000 | 65,300 | 5,141,300 | 1,878 | 9,090 | 823 | 2,665 | ||||||||
| 1995 | 3,220,900 | 2,024,000 | 90,200 | 5,335,100 | 1,963 | 8,971 | 1,098 | 2,738 | ||||||||
| 1996 | 3,294,800 | 2,083,600 | 104,500 | 5,482,900 | 1,993 | 9,088 | 1,230 | 2,787 | ||||||||
| 1997 | 3,429,000 | 2,149,900 | 113,600 | 5,692,500 | 2,057 | 9,214 | 1,291 | 2,863 | ||||||||
| 1998 | 3,496,378 | 2,436,997 | 161,241 | 6,094,616 | 2,079 | 10,260 | 1,775 | 3,032 | ||||||||
| 1999 | 3,910,725 | 2,448,066 | 139,625 | 6,498,416 | 2,305 | 10,138 | 1,490 | 3,199 | ||||||||
| 2000 | 3,893,294 | 2,477,013 | 126,077 | 6,496,384 | 2,275 | 10,085 | 1,305 | 3,163 | ||||||||
| Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics Correctional Surveys (The Annual Probation Survey, National Prisoner Statistics, Survey of Jails, and The Annual Parole Survey.) Totals for 1998 through 2001 exclude probationers in jail or prison. | ||||||||||||||||
Persons Under Correctional Supervision by Race and Type of Correction, 1985 to 2000
| Data on Hispanics not reported for probation or parole separately. Most Hispanics are white. | ||||||||
| Race/Origin | Prison or Jail | Probation or Parole | ||||||
| Number | Percent | Number | Percent | |||||
| Whites | 727,400 | 37.7 | 2,856,341 | 62.6 | ||||
| Blacks | 861,100 | 44.6 | 1,624,673 | 35.6 | ||||
| Hispanics | 310,400 | 16.1 | ||||||
| Asians, Indians, Pacific Islanders | 33,000 | 1.7 | 84,046 | 1.8 | ||||
| Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics Correctional Surveys (The Annual Probation Survey, National Prisoner Statistics, Survey of Jails, and The Annual Parole Survey). | ||||||||
Justice System Employment, All Levels of Government, 1982 to 1999
| Year | Total Employees | Percent of Total | ||||||||||||
| Total Justice System | Police Protection | Judicial and Legal | Corrections | Police Protection | Judicial and Legal | Corrections | ||||||||
| 1982 | 1,270,342 | 723,923 | 247,697 | 298,722 | 57.0 | 19.5 | 23.5 | |||||||
| 1983 | 1,313,831 | 733,070 | 261,436 | 319,325 | 55.8 | 19.9 | 24.3 | |||||||
| 1984 | 1,373,354 | 746,974 | 277,578 | 348,802 | 54.4 | 20.2 | 25.4 | |||||||
| 1985 | 1,422,718 | 757,000 | 293,025 | 372,693 | 53.2 | 20.6 | 26.2 | |||||||
| 1986 | 1,464,070 | 771,917 | 300,126 | 392,027 | 52.7 | 20.5 | 26.8 | |||||||
| 1987 | 1,524,976 | 792,831 | 312,331 | 419,814 | 52.0 | 20.5 | 27.5 | |||||||
| 1988 | 1,583,713 | 804,658 | 323,641 | 455,414 | 50.8 | 20.4 | 28.8 | |||||||
| 1989 | 1,636,895 | 811,528 | 336,872 | 488,495 | 49.6 | 20.6 | 29.8 | |||||||
| 1990 | 1,710,413 | 825,417 | 350,761 | 534,235 | 48.3 | 20.5 | 31.2 | |||||||
| 1991 | 1,760,563 | 837,038 | 362,178 | 561,347 | 47.5 | 20.6 | 31.9 | |||||||
| 1992 | 1,797,704 | 857,593 | 373,611 | 566,500 | 47.7 | 20.8 | 31.5 | |||||||
| 1993 | 1,825,953 | 865,002 | 375,266 | 585,685 | 47.4 | 20.6 | 32.1 | |||||||
| 1994 | 1,901,773 | 890,384 | 390,731 | 620,658 | 46.8 | 20.5 | 2.6 | |||||||
| 1995 | 1,983,747 | 926,086 | 401,444 | 656,217 | 46.7 | 20.2 | 33.1 | |||||||
| 1997 | 2,078,192 | 950,877 | 419,072 | 708,243 | 45.8 | 20.2 | 34.1 | |||||||
| 1998 | 2,133,240 | 976,394 | 433,493 | 723,353 | 45.8 | 20.3 | 33.9 | |||||||
| 1999 | 2,189,477 | 1,017,922 | 454,982 | 716,573 | 46.5 | 20.8 | 32.7 | |||||||
| Source: U.S. Department of Justice, Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics, 2000, downloaded from http://www.albany.edu/sourcebook/. | ||||||||||||||
Justice System Employment in 1999 by Level of Government
| Level of Government | Total Employment | % of Total Justice System Employment | Percent of Sector | |||||||||||||
| Total Justice System | Police Protection | Judicial and Legal | Corrections | Police Protection | Judicial and Legal | Corrections | ||||||||||
| Federal | 191,169 | 104,096 | 56,099 | 30,974 | 8.7 | 54.5 | 29.3 | 16.2 | ||||||||
| State | 704,902 | 99,686 | 148,463 | 456,753 | 32.2 | 14.1 | 21.1 | 64.8 | ||||||||
| County | 606,645 | 223,281 | 190,418 | 192,946 | 27.7 | 36.8 | 31.4 | 31.8 | ||||||||
| Municipal | 686,761 | 590,859 | 60,002 | 35,900 | 31.4 | 86.0 | 8.7 | 5.2 | ||||||||
| Source: U.S. Department of Justice, Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics, 2000, downloaded from http://www.albany.edu/sourcebook/. | ||||||||||||||||
Justice System Expenditures, All Levels of Government, 1982 to 1999
| Year | In Millions of Actual Dollars | In Millions of 2000 Constant Dollars | ||||||||||||||
| Total Justice System | Police Protection | Judicial and Legal | Corrections | Total Justice System | Police Protection | Judicial and Legal | Corrections | |||||||||
| 1982 | 35,841.9 | 19,022.2 | 7,770.8 | 9,048.9 | 63,958.3 | 33,944.2 | 13,866.6 | 16,147.4 | ||||||||
| 1983 | 39,680.2 | 20,648.2 | 8,620.6 | 10,411.4 | 68,603.7 | 35,699.0 | 14,904.3 | 18,000.4 | ||||||||
| 1984 | 43,942.7 | 22,685.8 | 9,463.2 | 11,793.7 | 72,829.0 | 37,598.5 | 15,683.9 | 19,546.5 | ||||||||
| 1985 | 48,563.1 | 24,399.4 | 10,628.8 | 13,534.9 | 77,719.0 | 39,048.0 | 17,010.1 | 21,660.9 | ||||||||
| 1986 | 53,499.8 | 26,255.0 | 11,485.4 | 15,759.4 | 84,057.2 | 41,251.0 | 18,045.6 | 24,760.6 | ||||||||
| 1987 | 58,871.3 | 28,767.6 | 12,555.0 | 17,548.8 | 89,239.8 | 43,607.2 | 19,031.5 | 26,601.2 | ||||||||
| 1988 | 65,230.5 | 30,960.8 | 13,970.6 | 20,299.2 | 94,951.0 | 45,067.2 | 20,335.8 | 29,547.9 | ||||||||
| 1989 | 70,949.5 | 32,794.2 | 15,588.7 | 22,566.6 | 98,528.2 | 45,541.6 | 21,648.1 | 31,338.5 | ||||||||
| 1990 | 79,434.0 | 35,923.5 | 17,356.8 | 26,153.7 | 104,655.9 | 47,329.9 | 22,868.0 | 34,458.0 | ||||||||
| 1991 | 87,566.8 | 38,971.2 | 19,298.4 | 29,297.2 | 110,712.2 | 49,272.0 | 24,399.3 | 37,041.0 | ||||||||
| 1992 | 93,776.9 | 41,326.5 | 20,988.9 | 31,461.4 | 115,098.9 | 50,722.9 | 25,761.1 | 38,614.8 | ||||||||
| 1993 | 97,541.8 | 44,036.8 | 21,558.4 | 31,946.7 | 116,240.2 | 52,478.4 | 25,691.1 | 38,070.7 | ||||||||
| 1994 | 103,470.6 | 46,004.5 | 22,601.7 | 34,864.3 | 120,226.9 | 53,454.7 | 26,261.9 | 40,510.4 | ||||||||
| 1995 | 112,868.4 | 48,644.5 | 24,471.7 | 39,752.2 | 127,532.5 | 54,964.5 | 27,651.1 | 44,916.9 | ||||||||
| 1996 | 120,194.2 | 53,007.4 | 26,157.9 | 41,028.8 | 131,914.8 | 58,176.4 | 28,708.7 | 45,029.7 | ||||||||
| 1997 | 129,793.5 | 57,753.5 | 28,528.8 | 43,511.1 | 139,255.0 | 61,963.6 | 30,608.4 | 46,683.0 | ||||||||
| 1998 | 135,899.5 | 60,828.2 | 29,901.4 | 45,169.9 | 143,569.9 | 64,261.5 | 31,589.1 | 47,719.3 | ||||||||
| 1999 | 146,555.5 | 65,364.1 | 32,184.6 | 49,006.9 | 151,481.7 | 67,561.2 | 33,266.4 | 50,654.2 | ||||||||
| Source: U.S. Departmentof Justice, Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics, 2000,downloaded from http://www.albany.edu/sourcebook/. | ||||||||||||||||
Per Capital Expenditures on Justice System Activities, 1982 to 1999 in Actual and Constant Dollars
| Fiscal Year | July 1 population (000) | In Actual Dollars | In 2000 Constant Dollars | |||||||||||||||
| Total Justice System | Police Protection | Judicial and Legal | Corrections | Total Justice System | Police Protection | Judicial and Legal | Corrections | |||||||||||
| 1982 | 231,664 | 154.72 | 82.11 | 33.54 | 39.06 | 276.09 | 146.52 | 59.85 | 69.70 | |||||||||
| 1983 | 233,792 | 169.72 | 88.32 | 36.87 | 44.53 | 293.43 | 152.70 | 63.75 | 76.99 | |||||||||
| 1984 | 235,825 | 186.34 | 96.20 | 40.13 | 50.01 | 308.83 | 159.44 | 66.51 | 82.88 | |||||||||
| 1985 | 237,924 | 204.11 | 102.55 | 44.67 | 56.89 | 326.65 | 164.12 | 71.49 | 91.05 | |||||||||
| 1986 | 240,133 | 222.79 | 109.34 | 47.83 | 65.63 | 350.04 | 171.79 | 75.15 | 103.12 | |||||||||
| 1987 | 242,289 | 242.98 | 118.73 | 51.82 | 72.43 | 368.32 | 179.98 | 78.55 | 109.79 | |||||||||
| 1988 | 244,499 | 266.79 | 126.63 | 57.14 | 83.02 | 388.35 | 184.33 | 83.17 | 120.85 | |||||||||
| 1989 | 246,819 | 287.46 | 132.87 | 63.16 | 91.43 | 399.20 | 184.52 | 87.71 | 126.97 | |||||||||
| 1990 | 249,402 | 318.50 | 144.04 | 69.59 | 104.87 | 419.63 | 189.78 | 91.69 | 138.17 | |||||||||
| 1991 | 252,131 | 347.31 | 154.57 | 76.54 | 116.20 | 439.11 | 195.43 | 96.77 | 146.91 | |||||||||
| 1992 | 255,028 | 367.71 | 162.05 | 82.30 | 123.36 | 451.32 | 198.90 | 101.01 | 151.41 | |||||||||
| 1993 | 257,783 | 378.39 | 170.83 | 83.63 | 123.93 | 450.93 | 203.58 | 99.66 | 147.69 | |||||||||
| 1994 | 260,341 | 397.44 | 176.71 | 86.82 | 133.92 | 461.80 | 205.33 | 100.88 | 155.61 | |||||||||
| 1995 | 262,755 | 429.56 | 185.13 | 93.14 | 151.29 | 485.37 | 209.18 | 105.24 | 170.95 | |||||||||
| [Continued] | ||||||||||||||||||
Per Capital Expenditures on Justice System Activities, 1982 to 1999 in Actual and Constant Dollars [Continued]
| Fiscal Year | July 1 population (000) | In Actual Dollars | In 2000 Constant Dollars | |||||||||||||||
| Total Justice System | Police Protection | Judicial and Legal | Corrections | Total Justice System | Police Protection | Judicial and Legal | Corrections | |||||||||||
| 1996 | 264,741 | 454.01 | 200.22 | 98.81 | 154.98 | 498.28 | 219.74 | 108.45 | 170.09 | |||||||||
| 1997 | 267,252 | 485.66 | 216.10 | 106.75 | 162.81 | 521.06 | 231.85 | 114.53 | 174.68 | |||||||||
| 1998 | 269,773 | 503.75 | 225.48 | 110.84 | 167.44 | 532.18 | 238.21 | 117.10 | 176.89 | |||||||||
| 1999 | 281,375 | 520.85 | 232.30 | 114.38 | 174.17 | 538.36 | 240.11 | 118.22 | 180.02 | |||||||||
| Source: U.S. Departmentof Justice, Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics,2000,downloadedfrom http://www.albany.edu/sourcebook/. | ||||||||||||||||||
Justice System Expenditures in 1999 by Level of Government
| Level of Government | Total Expenditures (Millions) | % of Total Justice System Employment | Percent of Sector | |||||||||||||
| Total Justice System | Police Protection | Judicial and Legal | Corrections | Police Protection | Judicial and Legal | Corrections | ||||||||||
| Actual Dollars Federal | ||||||||||||||||
| Federal | 28,312.7 | 15,294.1 | 8,801.4 | 4,217.3 | 17.2 | 54.0 | 31.1 | 14.9 | ||||||||
| State | 59,108.7 | 9,955.3 | 13,307.6 | 35,845.8 | 36.0 | 16.8 | 22.5 | 60.6 | ||||||||
| County | 36,298.7 | 12,875.7 | 10,894.8 | 12,528.2 | 22.1 | 35.5 | 30.0 | 34.5 | ||||||||
| Municipal | 40,646.1 | 34,246.9 | 3,487.2 | 2,912.0 | 24.7 | 84.3 | 8.6 | 7.2 | ||||||||
| Constant 2000 Dollars | ||||||||||||||||
| Federal | 29,264.4 | 15,808.2 | 9,097.2 | 4,359.0 | ||||||||||||
| State | 61,095.6 | 10,290.0 | 13,754.9 | 37,050.7 | ||||||||||||
| County | 37,518.9 | 13,308.5 | 11,261.0 | 12,949.3 | ||||||||||||
| Municipal | 42,012.4 | 35,398.1 | 3,604.4 | 3,009.9 | ||||||||||||
| Source: U.S. Department of Justice, Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics, 2000, downloaded from http://www.albany.edu/sourcebook/. | ||||||||||||||||
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